Sights of Russia attract tens of millions of tourists to the country, which became the successor of the USSR, the most powerful and huge power of the XX century. Guests of the country come here, trying to visit as many beautiful places as possible. Of course, one trip to inspect all of them is not enough. That is why guides in Moscow primarily advise guests of the country to look at architectural structures, monuments, museum complexes, famous for their history. What to see in Russia if there are so many interesting places? We have included in our list the most important - there are fifteen in all.
What to see in Russia first
Where to start acquaintance with one of the largest countries in the world? Do you need guides in Russia ? What places are considered the most popular among tourists? Our review will help you find the answer to these and many other questions, which describes in detail the best Russian sights with current photos.
1. Red Square (Moscow)
Red Square is a visiting card of Moscow. Without this attraction of Russia, it is impossible to imagine the power itself. Why did the main area of the white stone get such a name? Even “schoolchildren” know that “red” is a word denoting not only color but also beauty. However, until the 15th century, the burned-out space near the Kremlin walls was far from attractive. The area was soon built up, setting up shopping malls opposite it, the number of which gradually increased. In the future, the country's most famous trade center, GUM, arose here. You will not surprise anyone with its size, but the architecture of the building is truly unique. Of course, the Kremlin with the Spasskaya Tower, the main clock of Russia, became the symbol of Red Square. If you face the Kremlin wall, where the main politicians and outstanding personalities of the country are buried, then on the left you will see the most beautiful temple in the country - St. Basil's Cathedral. Many tour guides begin excursions with a visit to this particular building, which delights with its unusualness and grace. Nearby is a monument to Minin and Pozharsky, erected in honor of the victory of 1612 over the Poles. The frontal place, also located a few steps from the monument, recalls the times when the square was also the place of execution of criminals.
2. Peterhof (Petrodvorets district, St. Petersburg)
St. Petersburg was built at the beginning of the XVIII century by the will of the Russian Tsar Peter I. For two hundred years, St. Petersburg was the capital of Russia. Not far from the city, on the southern shore of the Gulf of Finland, Peter I erected Peterhof - a residence for a summer vacation with many palaces and a beautiful park. Peterhof is one of the most beautiful sights in Russia. Here, in a small area, a huge number of historical buildings and works of art are concentrated. Today, city guests on the Neva can reach Peterhof by water. Special ships depart from Admiralteyskaya Embankment every half hour, so that after 30-35 minutes tourists reach the place famous for its beautiful fountains and monuments to famous historical figures. Having been here, many foreign tourists returning home, when asked what is special in Russia, often answer: “Peterhof!
3. Lake Baikal (Irkutsk region, Irkutsk)
The greatest lake on Earth, the Russian shrine is sometimes called the "laboratory of diversity" and the world's largest repository of clean fresh water. Almost 3,000 species of plants live in it, and more than 80% of them are not found anywhere else. The only mammal living in the ancient lake is the Baikal seal. Several years ago, Baikal was officially recognized as the “miracle of Russia”. This is the deepest, most transparent and incredibly clean lake on Earth. Despite its age, it does not age. On the contrary, its shores are constantly expanding, and geophysicists suggest that Lake Baikal is part of the nascent ocean. The lake, surrounded by majestic mountain ranges, stores 20% of its surface fresh water in its reserves. Glaciers, even in unbearable heat adorning the mountain peaks, feed more than two hundred rivers flowing into the reservoir, but only the Angara flows from it. Scientists exploring Baikal, have long come to the conclusion that over time the number of secrets stored by its waters does not decrease, but, on the contrary, grows. You can talk about Baikal and its beauty for hours. But nothing can compare with the majesty and magical charm of this landmark of Russia! A trip to the water miracle of the planet will convince you of this!
Official website : http://lakebaikal.org/
4. Valley of Geysers (Kamchatka)
Travelers who ask experienced tourists questions about what to visit in Russia such that they will remember for their magical natural beauty, they get the answer: "Valley of Geysers, located in Kamchatka"! This place is considered one of the most beautiful in the world.. This volcanic canyon, reaching a width of two kilometers and stretching for four kilometers, resembles a fantastic “city” of hundreds of geysers and hot springs. Hundreds of years ago there was a lake, but under the influence of the continuous processes taking place in the volcano, it almost completely disappeared, and fountains of boiling water clogged in its place. The valley of geysers was discovered literally on the eve of the 1941 war. Here, at the Geysernaya River, the Geyser Giant beats with a fountain. Tourists who came to visit these sights of Russia can watch his work by climbing to a special observation deck on the right bank of the river. In a minute, the Giant throws up 30 tons of hot water, and the water column reaches a height of nine! Such a grandiose, truly fantastic spectacle is accompanied by a powerful roar. To the west of the Giant lies the Pearl Geyser,
5. Hermitage (St. Petersburg)
The Winter Palace in St. Petersburg is a real asset of the country and the northern capital. Its construction began under Peter the Great. This historical monument, which looks like a mirror in the waters of the Neva, has become the most magnificent and famous Russian museum since the 1920s - the Hermitage. His unique collection owes its birth to Empress Catherine II herself. The royal lady placed her first acquired paintings in the Northern Pavilion in 1764. A random collection of paintings acquired by Catherine, consisted of works by Jordaens, Hals and Rembrandt. With this purchase, the collection of paintings by Ekaterina began, which almost grew into a mania of collecting. The rooms and galleries located in the Small Hermitage were filled with works of art literally exponentially. Soon there was simply no room left for the paintings. Then they built the Great Hermitage. Soon, the empress acquired the library of Denis Didro, and Didro himself, in gratitude, helped the mistress to buy paintings by famous brush masters. Today, the museum houses thousands of works by Poussin, Van Dyck, Rubens, Titian,Raphael and other geniuses who lived in Europe in different centuries. More than five million tourists visit the museum annually.
Official website : https://www.hermitagemuseum.org
Check out the beautiful places of Russia in this wonderful video!
6. Mamaev Kurgan (Volgograd)
Mamaev Kurgan - a hill towering near the Volga, has long been a memorial, unfortunately, connected with the tragic events of the Patriotic War of 1941-1945. This monument in memory of the heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad was opened in Volgograd in 1967. On the hill are buried the remains of soldiers - the defenders of Stalingrad. Immediately installed a statue of Motherland 86 meters high. It is visible for several kilometers to every traveler arriving in Volgograd. The sword in the hand of the statue with a total weight of 14 tons reaches a height of 33 meters. The weight of the entire sculpture is close to 1,500 tons. They say that in the palm of the statue can fit a large SUV! Often, city guests traveling to this landmark of Russia, lay flowers at the foot of the Mamayev Kurgan and the Eternal Flame, honoring the memory of the victims of fascism. City guests reflecting on what to see in Russia and in Volgograd itself, of course, should admire the majestic changing ceremony of the guard, which takes place on the Mamaev Kurgan every hour, starting from 9 a.m. and ending at 19.00. In addition, travelers who booked an excursion here will see weapons from the time of the Second World War - multi-ton tanks and guns.
Official website : http://www.stalingrad-battle.ru/
7. Kazan Kremlin (Kazan)
The Kazan Kremlin is the main decoration of the capital of Tatarstan. Its Spasskaya tower, built in 1562, is the most recognizable building of an ancient architectural structure. Its main omen is the watch, and they have their own history. The first hours of the Kazan Kremlin were not quite an ordinary mechanism, showing the time. Their dial was constantly rotating, but the hand did not move! Modern watches, according to which the whole of Tatarstan now compares time, were installed only in 1963. The Kremlin constantly hosts exhibitions, concerts and other entertainment events in Kazan. There are also cozy cafes with national Tatar cuisine. The most recognizable building in the Kremlin is the “falling” Soyumbike tower. Tourists looking for what to see in Russia and Kazan, related to the ancient history of the country, will definitely pay attention to the Mausoleum of Kazan Khans. From the viewing platform of the Kremlin, a stunning majestic view of the modern part of the city opens: the registry office, new houses, the Arena, the Palace of Farmers and the embankment. Tourists who want to take pictures in armor and shoot archery will be able to do this on the territory of the Kazan Kremlin. The main decoration of the historic site is the graceful blue and white Kul Sharif Mosque, which seats more than 2,000 people.
Official website : http://kazan-kremlin.ru/
8. State Tretyakov Gallery (Moscow)
The Moscow State Tretyakov Gallery, founded in 1856, is the historical heritage of Russia. The gallery exposition is located in several buildings. To get acquainted with the well-known monuments of Russian art, more than 1,500,000 people come here annually. Currently, the Tretyakov Gallery collection covers a large historical period from representatives of ancient Russian painting of the XI century to paintings by contemporaries. Every day, the gallery is visited by students, seniors, Muscovites and tourists who come to enjoy the sights of Russia. Here they admire the most famous works of art created by Ivanov, Shishkin, Vasnetsov, Surikov and other famous Russian artists. These paintings are a generally accepted standard of Russian art. Everyone will find the Mikhail Vrubel Hall here without error. Its dim lighting and dark walls create an atmosphere that sets up a different perception of art. From all the works of the artist's genius and a little strange in the manner of painting, the mystery and fabulousness blows.
Official website : http://www.tretyakovgallery.ru/
9. Krasnaya Polyana (Sochi)
Krasnaya Polyana is a ski resort near Sochi (Adler). There are tracks for extreme sports, professionals, lovers of ski slopes and for beginners. Vacationers who want to photograph the nearby sights of Russia and Sochi can climb up the cable car and take some rare shots. Of course, a greater number of tourists come to Krasnaya Polyana in the winter season, but even in the summer even those who decide to go here with their kids will definitely find worthy entertainment here. The same cableway, working all year round, will appeal to adults and their curious children, who have already managed to get tired of beach vacations and frequent sea bathing. Taking a ticket to the lift, you can climb to the highest point located in the mountains and relax in the bar "Height", taking a mulled wine, and the child - natural juice. There is also a mountain Olympic village built for the 2014 Olympics. Here you can stay at a hotel of any price category. In the summer at the resort you must definitely swim and sunbathe on the local beach, admiring the stunning views around the mountains.
10. Bolshoi Theater (Moscow)
The building of the Bolshoi Theater is easily recognized by both avid theatergoers and people who are very far from everything that relates to art. It seems that the four horses decorating the grandiose architectural structure will now soar upward. It is believed that the history of this temple of Melpomene began in 1776, when Prince Urusov received permission from the Empress Catherine II to open a public theater in Moscow. But the building that Urusov built burnt down before the opening, and he decided to sell the enterprise to the Englishman Michael Maddox, a mathematician from Oxford, invited to Russia to study the sciences of Tsarevich Pavel Romanov. And on December 30, 1780, the theater was inaugurated. It was built a hall with 1000 seats, a spacious stage and a large orchestra pit. The first prima ballerina of the Bolshoi was the Frenchwoman Felicata Gullen-Sor. In 1918, Lenin demanded to the Bolshoi Theater immediately demolished. He argued that opera is a bourgeois art, requiring huge expenses and not bringing benefits. Surprisingly, it was Stalin who changed Lenin's opinion. In 1940, the Soviet government held a competition to give the theater a "Soviet working style." However, in 2011 the Bolshoi was restored, giving it its original historical appearance and improving acoustics.
Official website : http://www.bolshoi.ru/
Sights of Russia: what else to visit in Russia
It seems to many that excursions in Russia are boring and monotonous, but this is not at all true, at least if you take the organization of the trip seriously. Analyze our list of attractions and identify those that are interesting to you and your companions (family, friends, etc.) in order to avoid unnecessary fuss, as well as money and time costs.
11.Solovetsky archipelago (Arkhangelsk)
Often foreigners travelers who are interested in what to visit in Russia, decide to go to the Solovetsky archipelago, located in the White Sea and consisting of 6 large and small islands. Here is the famous medieval monastery of Solovki. Visiting the islands, you can get acquainted with the legendary monastery and fortress, learn the history of the infamous Stalinist Gulag camp. You will be shown numerous monasteries in different parts of the island, a monastery dry dock, stone labyrinths of prehistoric times. The Solovetsky Island has no rivers, but there are hundreds of lakes. Taking a boat, you can go on it through the complex system of canals of the island, connecting its largest lakes. The archipelago is the habitat of white whales (beluga whales). The walls and 8 six-meter towers of the Solovetsky fortress were built of giant wild boulders. Domestic facilities churches and cathedrals are inside, protected by a fortress. The Sekirnaya Mountain, a recognizable place on Solovki, is located in the northwest of the archipelago. On the top of this high hill in the 19th century, the monks built the Ascension Church, which also served as a lighthouse. In the era of the Gulag there was one of the most brutal hard labor cells. In memory of the people executed there, a cross was later erected.
12. Cable-stayed bridges in Vladivostok (Vladivostok)
Cable-stayed bridges in Vladivostok shock everyone with their greatness who come to the country to see the sights of Russia. This modern grandiose building, built for almost six years, has become a modern symbol of the city and its pride. Until recently, even local residents could visit Russky Island only with special permission due to military facilities on the island. Today, cable-stayed bridges, often simply called the "Russian Bridge", connected the continent and the island. Opened in July 2012, the 1885-meter-long bridge is suspended on powerful cables. Its construction took more than a billion dollars. Dmitry Medvedev called the unique construction a "business card" of the city of Vladivostok and the entire Far East. Originally built for guests of the APEC summit, this ultra-modern bridge has become the most popular tourist attraction in Vladivostok.
Official website : http://rusmost.ru/
13. The architectural ensemble of Kizhi (Petrozavodsk)
Any traveler who thinks about what to visit in Russia and in Karelia, chooses a trip to Kizhi. You can get from Petrozavodsk to the Kizhi architectural ensemble in an hour and a half by boat. Now there is a museum of wooden architecture. However, it could not have existed if the Spaso-Kizhi Pogost had not appeared here in the 15th century. At that time, not a cemetery was called a graveyard, but a unit of territorial division. In Kizhi then 130 villages were located. First, winter and summer churches were built, which later burned down in a fire. The architectural ensemble, familiar to many today, was built only in the XVIII century. Construction began with the nine-domed Intercession Church. Until today, its unique iconostasis has been preserved. The most famous landmark of Russia in Kizhi is the Church of the Transfiguration. Its 22 domes are depicted on numerous Russian souvenirs, dishes, towels. They say that during its construction, nails were not used, but this is not so. In total, the architectural ensemble consists of two churches and a large bell tower with 33 domes, symbolizing the number of years the Savior lived.
14. Novgorod Kremlin ( Veliky Novgorod )
Novgorod is the oldest city in Russia, an ancient craft and trade center, a link connecting Russia with Europe. The city today invites guests to look at their amazing sights. Among them is the Novgorod Kremlin or, as it was originally called, the “Detinets”. This stone building on the banks of the Volkhov in the XI century was built by Prince Yaroslavl. The annals of 1044 mentioned it for the first time. But those original buildings were not preserved. Later, the Kremlin was rebuilt and expanded several times. Today, the length of its walls is approaching one and a half kilometers. Now the Kremlin has 9 towers. The highest of them is Kokuy. Behind the walls, there are various architectural monuments. St. Sophia Cathedral, near which all the townspeople used to gather at the veche, the Faceted Chamber and the St. Sophia belfry, which attract today curious tourists and people interested in the history of Russian architecture and the state as a whole. The territory of the Novgorod Kremlin is a favorite vacation spot of Novgorodians and guests of the ancient city. Everything here is suitable for relaxation: cafes, playgrounds for children, carved shops. Inside the Kremlin, thematic exhibitions are regularly organized dedicated to various events in Russian history. From the observation deck, you can take a panoramic shot of the city.
15. Kungur cave (Kungur, Perm region)
Inveterate travelers looking for what to see in Russia the most unusual and even mystical should definitely go down to the Kungur cave. She is beautiful, and great, and truly magical. The first tourists, including kings, came down here in the 19th century. Today this place is the most famous Ural miracle. Up to 100,000 people visit it annually. In just a few hours, traveling through cave manholes, tourists see both winter, autumn, and spring. That's just the summer in the cave never happens. The temperature here does not rise above + 5⁰ + 8⁰ C, so even the Urals themselves, who decided to enjoy stalactites, stalagmites and underground lakes in their spare time, often tremble here from the cold, forgetting to put on a warm jacket and hat before going down. The most beautiful cave hall, enchanting with its snow-white splendor, is the Diamond Grotto, so named because of its many years of icing. Even if the street temperature is + 30 ° C, snowy flowers bloom on the walls of the grotto. Groups of tourists are not allowed to stay here for more than five minutes. Rangers of the cave cherish its microclimate and protect it from melting ice. The length of all the moves of the cave reaches six kilometers along with fifty loopholes and grottoes, each of which has its own name and an amazing story. Many halls are illuminated by multi-colored lights and look unreal, fantastic halls. each of which has its own name and amazing story. Many halls are illuminated by multi-colored lights and look unreal, fantastic halls. each of which has its own name and amazing story. Many halls are illuminated by multi-colored lights and look unreal, fantastic halls.
Official website : http://kungurcave.ru/
16. Church of St. Basil the Blessed (Moscow)
The status of the most recognizable sights of Moscow, in addition to the Kremlin, known to everyone, should be assigned to St. Basil's Cathedral - even with a glimpse of its colorful domes cause associations with the Russian capital. The origins of the cathedral date back to the 16th century, when, by order of Tsar Ivan the Terrible, a religious structure grew on the site of the ancient Church of the Life-Giving Trinity. The creation of the cathedral was based on the idea of Heavenly Jerusalem - a tent-shaped bell tower, around which there are eight chapters, on top resembles an eight-pointed star similar to Bethlehem. And if the facade of the cathedral is impressive with splendor and an abundance of flowers, then the interior of the inner hall is surprisingly simple decoration. Here, in the twilight, a completely different spirit reigns - the spirit of remembrance and gentle prayers. While the ground floor is occupied by the main church hall,
Official website: https://shm.ru/museum
17. Museum-reserve “Tsarskoye Selo” (Pushkin, St. Petersburg)
The great heritage of the city of Pushkin - museum -the Tsarskoye Selo reserve with its Catherine Palace, which is an excellent example of Russian architecture. The whole complex is an important monument of landscape gardening art of the 18-20 centuries, which was badly damaged as a result of the events of World War II, but was later completely restored. The museum complex consists of gardens, parks, small thematic museums and the central object - the Catherine Palace, a magnificent baroque structure in beautiful azure and white colors with an abundance of gilding elements. The splendor of the palace interior is especially evident in its Throne Hall, sparkling with gilded decor and impressive artistic painting of the ceilings. The richness and cozy color of the Amber Room, the combination of the snow-white walls and gold of the Grand Enfilade, the grandeur and open spaces of the Hermitage pavilion are impressive.
Official website: http://tzar.ru/
18. The Golden Ring of Russia (the city of North-Eastern Russia)
The famous tourist route, which turned 50 in 2017, has already become a classic of tourism in Russia. It leads through the oldest Russian cities, where every historical place, every museum and cathedral keeps its centuries-old history. All the moments of the formation of Old Russian architecture open during the journey through eight old Russian cities located on the map so that if you connect them with a single line, a semblance of a closed ring comes out - this is where the name of the route came from. The majestic white-stone churches of the 12th-13th centuries, medieval tent buildings, works of famous architectural schools, interesting exhibits of ancient museums, which feature wood carvings, works of talented jewelers and lace makers, enamel painting, lacquer miniatures and much more,
Official website: http: //www.goldenringunion
19. Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin (Nizhny Novgorod)
At the confluence of the great Russian rivers, the Volga and the Oka, a brick fortress towers majestically - a fortification of the 16th century. The origins of the Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin arose back in the distant 13th century, when the Russian prince founded the city here and surrounded it with fortifications. And only after 3 centuries an important fortification post of red brick and white limestone was erected. The total length of the walls of the Kremlin is about 2 km, these walls have 13 battle towers, and the role of the main gate is performed by the Dmitrievskaya Tower, which has become one of the symbols of Nizhny Novgorod. The second important tower is located in the southeastern end - the St. George Tower, next to which is Minin and Pozharsky Square with the monument to Chkalov, as well as an observation deck, from which a huge 560-speed Chkalov staircase leads down.
Official website: https://ngiamz.ru
20. Church of the Intercession on the Nerl (1.5 km from Bogolyubov)
Another of the monuments of ancient Russian architecture is located in the Russian outback, one and a half kilometers from the village of Bogolyubovo. On a clear day, against the blue sky, the Church of the Intercession on the Nerl is especially beautiful - the meek beauty of its facade, the combination of the piercing blue of the domes with its snow-white walls impress. The church, which became one of the symbols of Russia, was built in the 12th century in just one summer, not far from the residence of Prince Andrei Bogolyubsky. It was consecrated in memory of the events that took place in Constantinople in the 10th century during the siege of the city by the Saracens. It is believed that city dwellers gathered in churches in those difficult times and prayed for the salvation of the city, and holy holy fool Andrei noticed that the Mother of God herself raised her prayers in the crowd of worshipers, after which she went up to the throne and removed the veil from her head ,
21. Cruiser Aurora (St. Petersburg)
Mentioning the sights of St. Petersburg , one cannot fail to mention one of the most symbolic monuments of the northern capital - the cruiser Aurora. The armored cruiser, designed to strengthen the navy in the process of geopolitical rivalry with England, was named in honor of the ancient Roman goddess of the morning dawn. It was built at the very end of the 19th century and survived a number of significant events of the 20th century: participated in the battles of the Japanese and World War I, was involved in the storming of the Winter Palace and during the defense of Kronstadt. The ship was regularly bombarded by enemy artillery, but still survived to this day. Today on board the cruiser there is a museum dedicated to the participation of the ship in significant historical events, as well as a ship church, restored in post-Soviet times.
Official website: http: //www.navalmuseum
22. Manpupuner (Komi Republic)
Amazing natural formations in the form of weathered columns can be seen in the Trinity-Pechora region of Komi. The unusual name of these creations - Manpupuner - translated from the Mansi language means "Small mountain of idols." Once, millions of years ago, the Ural Mountains rose on this place, but over time, wind and water destroyed the rock. In some places, the stones turned out to be so strong that erosion could not cope with them - so a plateau was formed with bizarre rocky pillars, which are also called outliers. There are seven such sculptures in total on the plateau, they rise in the middle of the plain, have a height of 30 to 42 meters and an unusual shape, at different angles resembling either the figure of a giant or the head of a horse - in a word, there is a place to roam the imagination.
23. Volcanoes of Kamchatka (Kamchatka)
Russia is great and vast, and if the sights of central Russia are concentrated in cities adjacent to the capital, and acquaintance with them does not take much time, then to visit others you will have to get to the opposite end of the mainland. So, to explore the beautiful natural creations of the Kamchatka Peninsula, it is worth highlighting a separate journey - this region is so rich. It abounds in waterfalls, hot springs, beaches and bays, and, of course, the true symbol of Kamchatka is its many volcanoes. Few places on earth can be seen such a number of volcanoes in such a small area, and with them unique landscapes, so excursions to Kamchatka are primarily rafting along mountain rivers, climbing dormant volcanoes, skiing from snowy slopes, therapeutic swimming in thermal springs ,
24. Lena Pillars (Yakutia)
In the Republic of Yakutia, on the banks of the large Siberian river Lena, there is an amazing stone ridge with a length of about 80 kilometers. Rocks, in some places reaching a height of 200 meters, were formed from ancient limestones, and their formation began about 500 million years ago. These formations have a bizarre striped “coloring” and an unusual elongated shape, and today a national park has been created on their territory. Since ancient times, this place was considered sacred - only shamans and elders were allowed to the rocks to talk with spirits. From a scientific point of view, the pillars are an example of ancient formations of sedimentary rocks - once the sea was in their place, and the bones of marine inhabitants served as the material for the formation of future rocks. Over time, the sea dried up, and weathering processes led to the formation of unusual natural creations.
Official website: http://lenapillars.ru/
25. Kul Sharif Mosque (Kazan)
The main mosque of Tatarstan and the symbol of the entire Tatar people is the Kul Sharif mosque in Kazan - the place of Muslim services, weddings, photo shoots for tourists, and just a corner of authentic beauty and pacification. It is worth noting that the modern building is not a historical structure, it was erected recently on the site of the original Kul Sharif mosque that once existed here. The original building was destroyed in the 16th century by the troops of the Russian Tsar of Grozny, and only from 1996 to 2005, work began on the active restoration of the mosque, and the opening itself was timed to coincide with the millennium of the Tatar capital. The modern building is built of white marble, has eight tall towers - minarets. Inside you can visit the prayer rooms, the Museum of Islam, and especially for foreign visitors there are even special balconies,
26. Swallow's Nest (Crimea)
Any quiz on the sights of Crimea can not do without mentioning the most famous monument of the peninsula - a magnificent castle, literally hovering on the edge of a cliff above the sea. Of course, this is the well-known "Swallow's Nest" - the smallest castle in the world, located at the tip of the southern cape Ai-Todor, at an altitude of 40 meters above sea level. The castle itself was built back in 1912 by order of the German baron, who wanted to see the castle in this beautiful place, reminding him of the architectural masterpieces of his distant homeland. In the Soviet years, more than one film was shot in the vicinity of the castle, from the 70s until 2011 a restaurant worked in its walls, and today you can visit the museum, examine the interior and exterior of the building, enjoy the view from the sheer cliff.
Official site: https: // swallow castle
27. Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric power station (Yenisei river)
In addition to the classic attractions, there are other interesting places in Russia that clearly demonstrate the colossal nature of human labor and the genius of engineering. These include the dam of the Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric power station - an impressive hydraulic structure in scale and complexity. In terms of the amount of generated power, this hydroelectric power station ranks first among similar facilities in Russia and seventh in the whole world. The dam has a huge height - 245 meters, and overlaps the waters of one of the country's greatest rivers - the Yenisei. Not only the size of the hydroelectric station is impressive - perhaps the most striking sight is the spillway of incredible strength, because in one second more than 13 thousand cubic meters of water can be discharged through special compartments.
Official website: http: //www.sshges.
28. Shihan in Bashkiria (Bashkir Cis-Urals)
Few people know that in Bashkiria you can find ancient coral reefs, which millions of years ago were lying on the bottom of the Ural Sea. Shihan - mountains that have witnessed the natural processes taking place in those immemorial times. These unique geological formations were essentially huge coral reefs, which, after the drying of the ancient sea, became home to many terrestrial plants and animals. In modern times, Shikhans are of certain benefit for industry - a number of building materials are produced from multi-ton limestone deposits. Therefore, at the moment, of the four Shihan, in fact, only three remain: Yuraktau, Kushtau and Toratau. The fourth Shihan of Shakhtau , alas, almost all went for processing by the Bashkir industrial enterprise.
29. Elbrus (Caucasus)
The highest peak in Russia is 5,642 meters, and it belongs to the system of the Caucasus Mountains. This is Mount Elbrus at the junction of two republics - Karachay-Cherkess and Kabardino-Balkarian. The characteristic two-headed form of Elbrus made the mountain a unique recognizable symbol of the North Caucasus. Today, it captivates and attracts the attention of both climbers seeking to conquer the high peaks, and travelers who come to the foot to feel the greatness and power of the stone giant. An interesting fact is that these two peaks are of volcanic origin - they formed on a volcanic basis and, in fact, are two separate volcanoes. According to existing data, the last eruption here occurred about 2 thousand years ago. The highest peak is the western peak, while the eastern one is 21 meters lower, and the saddle separates two peaks,
30. Cosmodrome “Plesetsk” (Mirny)
When exploring the sights of the world, it is worth paying attention to some objects of world significance in Russia - such is the Plesetsk cosmodrome, which played a crucial role in the development of astronautics. For example, until 2018, he ranked first in the world in the number of space launches and launched vehicles. The cosmodrome is located in the Plesetsk district of the Arkhangelsk region and occupies a huge area - more than 1700 square meters. kilometers. Independent visits are prohibited, and excursion entry to the cosmodrome is carried out through the checkpoint, where strict control is carried out, due to the secrecy of the facilities located here. On the territory you can visit the Historical and Memorial Museum, which is especially interesting for its realistic dioramas demonstrating the launch of rockets.
31. Trans-Siberian Railway
The Great Siberian Route, now called the Trans-Siberian Railway, surpasses all the railway lines in the world in scale. The length of the highway is almost 10 thousand kilometers, it passes through 21 constituent entities of the Russian Federation, and its main task is to connect the European region of the country, its main (Moscow) and northern capital (St. Petersburg) with the most important Far Eastern and East Siberian cities of Russia. The construction of the great Transsiberian began in the distant 1891, after the emperor issued a decree on laying the Great Siberian Way, and lasted almost a quarter century. The starting point for construction was the place near Vladivostok - Kuperovskaya Pad, here Tsarevich Nikolay, in the future Tsar Nikolai II, personally drove the first wheelbarrow of land to the future roadway.
32. Golden Mountains of Altai (Siberia)
While the most popular historical sights are concentrated in the European part of Russia, its Asian part is a land of magnificent, pristine nature, wild expanses with a contrasting climate and sometimes very diverse nature. For example, Central Asia and Siberia are separated by a picturesque natural complex - the Golden Mountains of Altai, recognized as a World Heritage Site. Gorny Altai is a real treasury of natural resources: Altai Biosphere Reserve, Katunsky Nature Reserve, Belukha and Ukok Rest Zone are located on an area of 1.64 million hectares. In the world there are few places with equally contrasting landscapes - all the natural Central Asian zones converge in this region: steppes, deserts, forest-steppes, mountain taiga, mixed forests, alpine and subalpine meadows.
33. Khan's palace (Bakhchisaray)
Mentioning the sights of the Crimean peninsula, one can not fail to mention the magnificent monument of the Crimean Tatar architecture - the Khan's Palace in Bakhchisarai. In ancient sources, the palace is referred to as the Khan's residence, the construction of which was completed by 1551. The main task of the masters who worked on the construction of the palace was to embody the Muslim idea of the earthly paradise in the construction, and as a result of the work, not just a palace grew, but a miniature city, which became the center of the cultural, spiritual and political life of the Crimean Tatar state. In the 20th century, a national museum was opened within the walls of the palace, and since 1979, as a result of laborious restoration, the palace acquired the role of a monument of Crimean architecture. The palace grounds today are rich in greenery, fountains,
Official website: http://handvorec.ru/
34. Nicholas Naval Cathedral (Kronstadt)
At the very beginning of the 20th century, by the decree of Tsar Nicholas II, the largest naval cathedral of the time of the Russian Empire, Nikolsky, was erected in the fortified city of Kronstadt. Today this beautiful monumental building in the Neo-Byzantine style is the main naval temple of the Russian Federation and serves as a branch of the Central Naval Museum. Inside the temple has a rich decoration with a mass of painted ornaments, an abundance of gilding, where a lot of attention is paid to the marine theme, because the cathedral was originally conceived as a monument to the dead sailors. In the hall of the temple you can see black memorial plaques made of marble, in the altar - the same white ones: on black the names of naval officers who died in battles are listed, on white - the names of clergymen who died in the sea. An old garden is set up in the square of the cathedral, in which 32 oaks were planted personally by the Russian tsar and his entourage.
Official website: http: // kronshtadtsobor.
35. Narzan Gallery (Kislovodsk)
If we mention the natural attractions of Russia, the presentation will not do without such wealth that not only pleases the eye, but also has a beneficial effect on human health. A very successful synthesis of useful natural gifts and skillful architectural craftsmanship is the Narzan Gallery, located in the heart of Kislovodsk. Here, back in the early 18th century, a narzan spring was discovered, the healing properties of its waters were quickly discovered, and a century later a well was built. In the same years, treatment with narzan waters also spread. So, in 1858, a beautiful Gothic building made of yellow stone, intended for the recreation of health-resort visitors who used life-giving water, grew up at the place of the spring by decree of Prince Vorontsov. The luxurious and spacious gallery to this day has retained its original appearance,
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